Latest Issue
      Issue 4 ， 2023

        GUIDE INTERPRETATION

      • Xiaoxiang Hu
        Vol. 2, Issue 4, (2023) DOI: 10.11910/j.issn.2791-2043.2023.4.01
        Abstract：The Revised Draft of the Law of the PRC on the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (hereinafter referred to as "the Revised Draft") was submitted to the Sixth Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Fourteenth National People's Congress for consideration. The Revised Draft is hierarchical, clear, comprehensible, and operational, considered to be a high-quality exposure draft. However, some content of the Revised Draft remains arguable. Many of these are related to the infected premise and the infected area. Since the COVID-19 epidemic occurred, there have been several issues such as who and how to raise "comments for the designation of infected premise and infected area" by disease control and prevention institutions (see Article 59 of the Revised Draft), who and how to proceed with the designation of infected premise and infected area after the comments are made; how to announce to the public about the infected area designated by the government, how to proceed the designation comments, and how to apportion liability for malpractice; differences and similarities in the relationship between infected premises, infected areas, quarantine and lockdown measures, and the zoning, grading, and precision prevention and control strategy. These issues involve the regulation of key aspects, the protection of the civil rights provisions of the Constitution, and the implementation of the spirit of the Constitution. The relevant content is unclear and lacks detailed formulation, especially the insufficient operational authorization and unclear responsibilities of the public power functions. The section on "Legal Responsibility" is missing, and there is no timely proposal for the designation of the infected premise and infected area. The liability distribution for mishandling is not sufficiently standardized. The demands for livelihood and medical care resulting from administrative actions and prevention and control measures shall be recognized as governmental acts of relief and shall be free of charge. In addition, administrative compensation shall be provided for the loss of income as a result of prevention and control measures. The disclosure of information on individuals infected with HIV and patients with AIDS to their legal spouses by the organizations is not prohibited. Besides, it is not advisable to indiscriminately include all hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) cases in the List of Category C Infectious Diseases. Article 111 of the Constitution of the People's Republic of China shall be fully implemented. The relevant laws and regulations shall be revised in a centralized and orderly manner.  
        Keywords：Revised draft of the Law of the PRC on the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases;Constitution of the People's Republic of China;Comments and proposals   
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        Published：2024-02-05

        REVIEW ARTICLES

      • Tingting Lin,Chufen Zhuang,Lijun Cai,Xingling Deng
        Vol. 2, Issue 4, (2023) DOI: 10.11910/j.issn.2791-2043.2023.4.02
        Abstract：ObjectiveThe present study intends to evaluate the effectiveness of a standardized cleaning process with negative pressure suction in cleaning phacoemulsification handpieces.MethodsSixty phaco handpieces requiring post-operative cleaning were randomly divided into the experimental groups using standardized cleaning or manual cleaning, and the control group receving no clearing treatment. In the standardized cleaning group, a negative pressure suction device and a pressure water gun were used to clean the lumen. In the manual cleaning group, the suction port and perfusion port of the handpiece were cleaned by a syringe. The cleaning effect was visually evaluated using a magnifying glass with light resources, and enzyme residue was detected by adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence assay.ResultsThe cleaning time of the standardized cleaning group was significantly less than that of the manual cleaning group. The standardized cleaning time decreased as the negative pressure value increased. The optimal negative pressure range was 0.03Mpa to 0.05Mpa.ConclusionA negative pressure suction device can effectively save the cleaning time of the phaco handpiece. Thus, standardized phaco handpiece cleaning process with a negative pressure suction device can improve cleaning efficiency.  
        Keywords：Surgical instrument cleaning;Phacoemulsification handpiece;Standardized cleaning;Negative pressure   
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        Published：2024-02-05
      • Yao Shen,Zhuoya Yao,Xianzhao Zheng,Yu Zhang,Haiqun Ban,Jian Shi,Shan Zhong,Shanchao Zuo
        Vol. 2, Issue 4, (2023) DOI: 10.11910/j.issn.2791-2043.2023.4.03
        Abstract：This study reviews the current monitoring status of autoclave sterilization and sterilization efficacy as well as carbon emission characteristics in hospitals both in China and abroad. It proposes strategies for improving monitoring effectiveness and addressing carbon emissions in autoclave sterilization. Therefore, peers can attach importance to the issue of carbon emissions in autoclave sterilization and effectiveness monitoring so as to improve the development quality, fulfill the concept of green development, and thus achieve goals of carbon peak and carbon neutrality.  
        Keywords：Autoclave sterilization;Sterilization efficacy monitoring;Response strategy;Carbon emission   
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        Published：2024-02-05
      • Qi-xiong Qin,Yu Wang,Xue-jie Wang
        Vol. 2, Issue 4, (2023) DOI: 10.11910/j.issn.2791-2043.2023.4.04
        Abstract：This article elaborates on the issues existing in the medical gas supply system of a tertiary hospital, introduces the transformation measures and effectiveness of the central oxygen supply system, carbon dioxide supply system, vacuum suction system, compressed air supply system, and equipment terminals, and proposes the development trend of future medical gas supply systems.  
        Keywords：Medical gas;Standardization;Energy conservation   
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        Published：2024-02-05

        MONOGRAPHIC STUDY

      • Xue'er Peng,Lihua Huang,Jiao Liu,Chenguang Li,Haozhi Zhu,Huan Li,Aiqin Chen
        Vol. 2, Issue 4, (2023) DOI: 10.11910/j.issn.2791-2043.2023.4.05
        Abstract：PurposeThis study aims to compare the preprocessing and cleaning efficacy of various methods, including manual and mechanical cleaning, on reused surgical electrocoagulation hooks (referred to as "electrocoagulation hooks"). Additionally, it seeks to investigate the optimal preprocessing and cleaning approaches for these hooks.MethodA total of 235 electrocoagulation hooks utilized in laparoscopic surgeries at a specific medical institution from August 2021 to October 2022 were categorized into four groups: Control Group A and Experimental Groups B, C, and D. Control Group A underwent manual cleaning after pre-soaking with a medical alkaline cleaning agent. Experimental Group B underwent pre-soaking with a medical alkaline cleaning agent; Experimental Group C underwent pre-soaking with a 3% hydrogen peroxide solution, and Experimental Group D underwent pre-spraying with an instant foam-type preprocessing enzyme moisturizer. Subsequently, manual brushing followed by mechanical cleaning using a vacuum boiling washer was employed in the three experimental groups. The cleaning quality of electrocoagulation hooks in Control Group A and Experimental Groups B, C, and D was visually assessed using a lighted 4x magnifying glass, and the cleaning pass rates for each group were recorded. The Bonferroni correction was used for multiple test correction.ResultsIn Group A, 58 observed electrocoagulation hooks underwent 34 qualified cleanings, resulting in a cleaning pass rate of 58.62%. For Group B, 52 observed electrocoagulation hooks achieved 47 qualified cleanings, with a cleaning pass rate of 90.38%. Group C, comprising 58 observed electrocoagulation hooks, demonstrated 48 qualified cleanings, yielding a cleaning pass rate of 82.75%. Finally, in Group D, 67 observed electrocoagulation hooks attained 64 qualified cleanings, resulting in a cleaning pass rate of 95.52%. Following chi-square tests and pairwise comparisons, Group B exhibited a significantly higher cleaning qualified rate than Group A (χ2=14.250, P<0.001). However, no significant differences were observed in cleaning qualified rates among Groups B, C, and D (χ2=5.569, P=0.062), and pairwise comparisons also revealed no statistical differences (P>0.0167).ConclusionThe cleaning efficacy of vacuum boiling washing on electrocoagulation hooks post-laparoscopic surgery surpasses that of manual cleaning. Prior to employing the vacuum boiling washer, preprocessing with a medical alkaline cleaning agent pre-soaking, 3% hydrogen peroxide solution pre-soaking, and enzyme moisturizer pre-spraying all yielded comparable cleaning qualified rates, achieving effective cleaning outcomes. The selection of the cleaning method can be based on practical considerations.  
        Keywords：electrocoagulation hooks;manual cleaning;vacuum boiling washing;preprocessing;electro-surgical instruments   
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        Published：2024-02-05
      • Tian-de Man
        Vol. 2, Issue 4, (2023) DOI: 10.11910/j.issn.2791-2043.2023.4.06
        Abstract：Medical fabrics exist in various links of the medical process in various forms. They are a key vector leading to cross-infection in the hospital. It is not only related to the professional protection of medical staff, but also an important factor affecting medical safety. Looking at the development of domestic medical fabric washing, combined with the requirements of the new crown epidemic for the prevention and control of hospital infection, put forward the management of medical fabric washing and disinfection in public hospitals in my country in the post-epidemic era, insisting on "government-leadership, social participation, and third-party evaluation", the management model of the region will eventually realize the standardization, large-scale, automation, environmental protection and energy saving of medical fabric washing and disinfection in the region.  
        Keywords：Post-epidemic era;Medical fabric;Socialization;Washing and disinfection   
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        Published：2024-02-05
      • Bing Sheng,Yu-xin Su,Rui Chen,Zhi-ping Liu,Yang Liu,Qing-dong Ye,Zu-ming Mao,Xiu-mei Deng
        Vol. 2, Issue 4, (2023) DOI: 10.11910/j.issn.2791-2043.2023.4.07
        Abstract：ObjectiveTo measure the content changes of different brands of peracetic acid (PAA) disinfectants under different conditions of use, and to provide data for stability test of peracetic acid.MethodsThe contents of nine brands of PAA disinfectants after single-use opening, daily opening for one hour, daily sampling and dilution, and daily on-site endoscopic decontamination were measured. Moreover, the PAA contents in three brands of disinfectants were determined after the use cycle was extended to 28 days.ResultsThe PAA disinfectants were tested after single-use opening, daily opening for one hour, or daily sampling and dilution. The PAA concentrations in two to three of the nine brands of disinfectants were reduced to less than 1.00 g/L. After daily endoscopic decontamination, the reduction rate of PAA was higher than that of other usage patterns. In this experiment, one PAA disinfectant had good stability, with a content of >1.50 g/L until Day 28.ConclusionThe endoscopic decontaminator is suitable for evaluating the stability of PAA after continuous use. Moreover, the stability of different PAA disinfectants varies greatly, and some disinfectants may not be able to maintain a qualified effective concentration of PAA for continuous use.  
        Keywords：Peracetic acid;Stability test;Content changes   
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        Published：2024-02-05
      • Wei Zheng
        Vol. 2, Issue 4, (2023) DOI: 10.11910/j.issn.2791-2043.2023.4.08
        Abstract：Failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) is a systematic, prospective risk control tool. This study introduces the concept, origin, steps and classification of FMEA, summarizes the progress of the application of FMEA in the central sterile supply department (CSSD), puts forward the limitations and countermeasures, and aims to improve the quality of CSSD andS better maintain patient safety.  
        Keywords：Failure mode and effect analysis;Central Sterile Supply Department (CSSD);Review   
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        Published：2024-02-05
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